The drill and blast method in tunnelling involves drilling a series of holes in a precise pattern, then filling them with explosives to break and remove rock. The design of the drill and blast pattern is crucial, as it determines the effectiveness and safety of the operation. It factors in rock type, tunnel size, and desired fragmentation. Proper sequencing and timing of blasts are essential to minimise vibration, control overbreak, and maintain the tunnel's structural integrity. Follow us at tu