Vortex rings are toroidal structures of fluid characterised by closed-loop vorticity that provide a compelling example of coherent structures in fluid dynamics. Their dynamics involve complex ...

The study of vortex ring dynamics centres on understanding the formation, evolution and decay of toroidal vortices generated by pulsed fluid jets. These phenomena are crucial in a wide range of ...

Air rings blown by dolphins swimming underwater and rings of smoke emitted by jet engines are just two examples of vortex rings. These doughnut-shaped structures and their mesmerizing movement have ...

Example trajectory of CARL surfing a vortex ring for propulsion. In response to sensed acceleration, CARL autonomously executed a short burst maneuver to become entrained into the material boundary of ...

Air rings blown by dolphins swimming underwater and rings of smoke emitted by jet engines are just two examples of vortex rings. These doughnut-shaped structures and their mesmerizing movement have ...