Q: My cousin was diagnosed with dystonia, what is this? A: Dystonia is a disorder of involuntary muscle contractions that may cause repetitive and/or abnormal movement or postures, for example ...

When you buy through links on our articles, Future and its syndication partners may earn a commission. In patients with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, the HPRT1 enzyme doesn't work properly due to mutations in ...

Dystonia is a neurological disorder causing involuntary muscle contractions and abnormal postures. Botulinum toxin (e.g., Botox) is the gold-standard, first-line treatment for focal dystonias, which ...

Clonus reflex is a set of rhythmic, involuntary muscle movements. It is a neurological condition that affects the nerve cells that control muscle movements. Damage to the nerves, as in clonus, causes ...

Dystonia and chorea both describe sudden, involuntary movements associated with neurological disorders. However, people with dystonia display repetitive movements that follow a pattern while chorea ...

Athetosis and chorea are two types of involuntary movements that can occur in children and adults with neurological conditions, such as cerebral palsy. The movements have different features, and the ...

Athetosis refers to the slow, involuntary, and writhing movements of the limbs, face, neck, tongue, and other muscle groups. The fingers are also affected, with their flexing happening separately and ...

Single-joint exercises performed with lighter loads and higher reps are emerging as a key strategy for muscle growth, better ...

Most people train their core with good intentions but poor results. Endless crunches, rushed planks, and random workouts ...