The movement of waves, patterns that carry sound, light or heat, through materials has been widely studied by physicists, as ...

The study of thermal diffusion and the Soret effect in fluid mixtures provides critical insights into the coupling between heat and mass transfer. In systems subjected to temperature gradients, ...

Mountain permafrost is warming and thawing worldwide due to climate change, with ground temperature being a key control of its mechanical stability. Heat conduction is the dominant mode of heat ...