Adolescence is a time of increased risk taking, but do adolescents learn differently from reward and punishment, or from childhood to adoelscence? Source: Cotonbro studio/Pexels This post was written ...

What happens in the human brain when we learn from positive and negative experiences? To help answer that question and better understand decision-making and human behavior, scientists are studying ...

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) scientists have discovered neurons in the mouse brain that help an animal learn to avoid negative experiences. The cells reside in a part of the brain involved in ...

A new study shows that dopamine release in the human brain plays a crucial role in encoding both reward and punishment prediction errors. This means that dopamine is involved in the process of ...

Would religion survive without promises of reward and punishment? Yes. Many argue that besides fear, heaven, hell, punishment, rewards; religion also involves: community, contemplation, heritage, ...

Relying on rewards and punishments to guide children's behaviour often backfires, hindering their understanding of right and wrong and reducing intrinsic motivation. Experts advocate for positive ...