We might be sure on our verdict. But being sure does not necessarily mean that it needs to be correct. We are humans. We all can make many sorts of errors. We make mistakes, and it is the part of our ...

Alibaba released a new artificial intelligence (AI) model on Thursday, which is said to rival OpenAI’s GPT-o1 series models in reasoning capability. Launched in preview, the QwQ-32B large language ...

Justification logic extends traditional modal frameworks by introducing explicit representations of evidential support, thereby refining our understanding of epistemic reasoning. In contrast to ...

Many-valued logic generalises classical binary logic by permitting a spectrum of truth values rather than a strict dichotomy. This extended framework enables a more nuanced treatment of uncertainty, ...