Suppose you are studying for a test and, despite knowing the right answer, deliberately make a mistake and subsequently correct it? Might this unusual technique, known as the "derring effect," help ...

Reinforcement learning is a subfield of machine learning concerned with how an intelligent agent can learn through trial and error to make optimal decisions in its ...

Pupil dilation provides a physiological readout of information gain during the brain's internal process of belief updating in the context of associative learning.